Comparison the Bottom Billion by Paul Collier and Why Nations Fail by Acemoglu and James

Moral Issue Analysis - Essay Example This causes them to be responsible for their activities since the current working circumstance is additionally requesting not exclusively to the clients alone yet in addition to the general public on the loose. This isn't an exemption for a dental school that isn't yet entrenched as in they could be deficient with regards to the suitable offices to offer quality preparing for the understudies. Decency and genuineness become a major issue as in morals are viewed as an ethical difficulty. Brighton dental school has been built up through the endeavors of a network that is inclined to dental infections. This was viewed as an easy route to accomplishing great wellbeing for the teeth in future. The organization imagined that supportable improvement for all establishments in the general public would begin with the general public itself thinking of techniques to support them. With time the school was relied upon to venture into a greater establishment and thusly for a beginning, it was prudent that they think of adaptable moral contemplations that would guarantee that every one of those keen on seeking after a vocation course were incorporated. Among the key players were simply the network who were viewed as a power with which the school would work for. It was expected that once the school had acknowledged the presentation of the school into the general public, they would be given a fitting setting where they would gradually build up themselves. The establishment itself has a group of coaches who are relied upon to convey quality training with which they can draw in more students. To empower this to turn into a reality, the moral contemplations that are set up ought to be those that the general public can withstand. As a dental school, the administration is relied upon to act as indicated by its ethical rules in order to have the option to draw in countless dental understudies to the school (Glenn and Rowe, 2010). Nonetheless, this may not be the situation since they don't have stable offices and need to, hence, think of procedures however which to serve understudies

Mountain Top Removal

November 2010 Solution: Eight Letters, One word, Mountaintop Removal Mountaintop expulsion albeit just eighteen letters and a negligible two words gives unlimited chances to persevering Americans. The world is currently about productivity and comfort. Society fills in as a machine, and each machine needs fuel to work. For Kentuckians, the fuel is Coal. The economy of Kentucky revolves around coal. It not just gives dedicated Americans a sheltered situation to work in yet gives employments, and stable economy for our nation.When contrasted with the remainder of the world America has consistently had a solid economy. Anyway America is as of now in a condition of downturn. Lawmakers, bureau individuals and financial analysts are continually attempting to bring our incredible country once again into a condition of balance concerning money related stream. Peak expulsion is one approach to accomplish this. Territories which are bounteous in coal are honored with numerous worthwhile open do ors which advantage the communities’ economy as well as the Nations, as well.Mine Safety is one thing that is amazingly misconstrued. There is a great deal of debate, about mine security guidelines. In any case, in all actuality MTR is factually the most secure type of mining. Contrast MTR with underground mining. Underground Mining: profound inside the earth, empty shafts, tight passages, haziness all around, the dread that the mine may fall whenever VS. MTR: Employees are over the ground, have cutting edge innovation to help with security convention, and Mine crumbling isn’t a dread representatives need to stress about.Jobs, something that reliable Americans are battling for in the savage Job showcase. Peak expulsion extends to long haul employment opportunities which additionally helps the economy. A reality, a great many people don’t know is that for each excavator utilized through MTR three new openings are made. Along these lines, helping business rates go up and keeping our economy running. Americans need employments and through MTR we can get that going. Peak evacuation: eighteen letters, three words, unlimited chances. Coal: four letters, single word, keeps the lights on.Although Opponents to MTR guarantee that it harms the earth, makes a reasonable climate economy, and is risky for its’ laborers in all actuality, MTR makes a practically indistinguishable scene after recovery, it keeps on giving occupations in any event, when the coal is proceeded to have been demonstrated to be measurably more secure than underground mining. Despite the fact that the points of view about MTR will keep on fluctuating it is a way of life millions have adjusted to as of now. Without MTR millions would be jobless, the stove that makes our thanksgiving turkey would not work, a kid wouldn’t have the power to understand their first book.MTR is a lasting method to fix our issues. Kentucky is something beyond a geographic state, it’s a perspective and a condition of heart and without MTR it would shrink away into a never-ending end.Works Cited The Purdue OWL. Purdue U Writing Lab, 2010. Web. Date of access. Reece Erik , . Lost Mountain . New York : Riverhead, 2006. Print. Kitts, Gene. The Charleston Gazette. Charleston: Charleston Gazette, 2008. Print. Lemon, Eric. http://www. marshall. edu/cber/media/010420-DA-mountain. pdf. Charleston: Athenaeum, 2001. Print.

The Montessori pedagogy. Why has it become so popular in Norway when Essay

The Montessori teaching method. Why has it gotten so mainstream in Norway when tuition based schools are being built up - Essay Example ities have affected training strategies concerning both the substance of instructing and the administration of schools (Darnell and Hoem, 1996; Lauglo, 1998). Working corresponding to this decentralized procedure, in any case, has been the states exertion to apply greater administration and command over the schools so as to ensure an equitable well known instruction. Such control is viewed as vital for keeping up balance in training. In 1997, Norway built up another national educational plan for essential and lower optional schools. The 343-page plan (Laereplanen, 1997) is ideologically founded on patriotism, is situated both to kids and to the network, and spotlights on anticipating techniques and integrative procedures for educating. The arrangement likewise focuses on subject information and clarifies, in detail, what ought to be realized. Today, government funded schools as well as non-public schools get practically the entirety of their financing from the state, and they should follow a general state arrangement for training. By far most of understudies go to government funded schools. At the college and school level, just around 10 percent of understudies go to private organizations. At the upper auxiliary level, 4 percent are in private schooling. In excess of 98 percent of essential and lower optional instruction understudies go to open state schools. Just a not many youngsters are self-taught. In every way that really matters, the state has a state in practically all school matters in Norway, and its compass is reaching out toward such elective training strategies as self-teaching. Because of the extraordinary topography and history of Norway, there is no truly established national high society. While a few youngsters have gained from private mentors, or at Christian schools or other non-public schools, Norway doesn't have a solid custom of private, high society schools. Some elective schools at the essential and lower auxiliary levels were set up by particular vested parties for strict or other ideological

Research legal specialty software Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Research lawful claim to fame programming - Essay Example It has a few highlights that are easy to use to the lawyers and they hold fast to the Law Practice Optimization (LPO) rules. A portion of the highlights that are helpful in a law office and are given by the Legal Assistant programming program incorporate however are not constrained to: an improved work process of case the board, charging, it has customer the executives and time the board, it redoes records to fit an individual’s style, the product naturally creates letters and circulates them through either delicate or printed version, it likewise has a few modules for the distinctive legitimate practice zones. The best component of for those with restricted office time is that it is good with other Microsoft Office highlights and consequently no compelling reason to continue moving to search for those highlights. It is as viable as a paralegal (http://www.thelegalassistant.com/). Since this product program is created by Attorneys, it is cost amicable for the individuals who need to buy. For the lawful firms which are simply beginning or have restricted income, the product can be leased at low month to month charges of around $75. This product doesn't require to be introduced in every PC in the workplace. It very well may be introduced in one and afterward systems administration of different PCs empower the entrance and use of the product to the others in the workplace. This is an advantage no other programming program has and is additionally financially savvy to the legitimate firms (Cornick,

HOW TO Check If An Email Address Actually Exists

HOW TO Check If An Email Address Actually Exists Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!HOW TO: Check If An Email Address Actually ExistsUpdated On 22/03/2012Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : Featured Web AppsShort URL : http://hbb.me/Y7hoyc CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogEven though Internet is now ruled by a different kind of communication, we still rely on email for several reasons and yes it is also one of the most convenient way. But email address is not easy like Twitter and Facebook to authenticate, we cannot conform whether it is genuine or fake easily. I found out some useful tools to check whether an email address actually exits or not, you can see them below.The tool I tried is Verify Email Address and it is quite awesome. This will be really useful for newbies. Just go to this site and enter your email address.Email Address VerifiedThis means the email address is correct. They checked the email address syntax and also whether the mail server is working properly or not. So the email address pradeep@slashsquare.org is valid.Email Address VerifiedEmail Address Is Not ValidHere the information says the email address asdfasd@slashsquare.org was not created by the administrator, but has a mail server configured using Google Apps and the email syntax is correct. So the email address is not valid or available.Email Address Given Is Not ValidNo MX Resource Records are FoundMX (Mail eXchange) Record is an entry in a domain name database that identifies the mail server that is responsible for handling e-mails for that domain name. Here the MX Resource Records are not found, so probably they might not have configured any mail server for sending and receiving mails. So any email address with ____@aasdjflasd.com may not be valid.No MX Records FoundInvalid Email Address SyntaxNormally an email address will look like name@domainname.com, but the one mentioned here is not, so obviously it is an invalid email address.Email Syntax WrongWhat Really Happens Behind?These screenshots gave simple explanation, what really happens is quite geeky, you can check the process below.Log: MX record about slashsquare.org exists. Connection succeeded to ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM SMTP. 220 mx.google.com ESMTP h3si178813obx.132 > HELO verify-email.org 250 mx.google.com at your service > MAIL FROM: =250 2.1.0 OK h3si178813obx.132 > RCPT TO: =250 2.1.5 OK h3si178813obx.132Geeky? Simple Explanation Here.1. First they get MX DNS records of the domain name to verify which mail server is used.READSports and Social Media â€" Cross Promotion At Its Best2. Then they check the mail server to see whether the username really exists.3. After verifying with the email syntax and all, the results displayed.Thats it, no big issues.Meanwhile you can also check out similar tools like Verify Email Tool and Verify Email.Do check this and give your opinion. Have you used any other tool for verifying email addresses? Kindly share them below.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Graduate Study

Distance learning can be very convenient, but what about when it comes to graduate school? What are the online education advantages and disadvantages when it comes to getting a master or doctorate degree online? Is it better to attend graduate school traditionally? Does the online experience take away from your ability to gain valuable hands-on experience or networking experience? Online education is more common than ever. In fact, many educators and policymakers view online education as the wave of the future. There are also plenty of technology advancements, as well as hybrid in-person  and online programs, that allow students to learn in a hands-on way. Is an online graduate degree program right for you? Consider the pros and cons of an online graduate program before you choose one. Advantages Accessibility: Attend online classes from anywhere. This is great because many graduate school students hold down full-time jobs in addition to studying. Not having to rush to class on a busy workday -- or a relaxing weekend day -- can be a perk.Flexibility: Work on classwork when it makes sense for you, as you are not tied to a class schedule  in most cases.Interpersonal Breadth: Your peers will include students all over the country and even the world. This is also a great advantage for networking purposes.Cost: An online education does not require that you relocate to a new place or that you stop working full time.  Documentation: Documents, transcripts, live discussions, and training materials are all archived and recorded so that they can be retrieved via mail, e-mail or the schools website for reading, downloading and printing at any time.  Access: Instructors are available, respond quickly through email and generally are prepared to work with diverse students with a range of lifestyles and needs. Disadvantages   Employment:  If you attend an institution that is entirely online, you may find that you have to discuss the validity of your degree. Some people may not view a completely online program as being as authentic as a traditional or hybrid program. Information about the schools accreditation can convince employers of the programs validity.Communications: Most of your communication will be through email, which may not be the most effective method if you or the professor are better in person. You might miss the sound of an instructor or peers voice if there are no audio sessions.Courses: Not all courses of study are easily available online. If youre interested in a more unusual field, you may have difficulty finding a source for a complete online education.In-person responsibilities:  Hybrid programs in which you attend some classes in person, or do some projects in person, are valuable but the time needed to commute to school or participate in them can detract from work or family resp onsibilities.

Sir Gawaine Character Analysis - 765 Words

The Oxford Dictionary defines honor as great respect and admiration for. Throughout his life and during his many adventures, Sir Gawaine found a way to act honorably regardless of the circumstances. Undoubtedly, Knights of King Arthur’s Court possessed honor, and this distinction held true for Sir Gawaine. However, Sir Gawaine’s honorable character directly determined his future bride. Immortal Ladies of the Lake lived in a silvery, wonderful place. Yet, Sir Gawaine’s honorable character inspired one of these ladies to leave her enchanted life for him. Sir Gawaine’s unfailing honor resulted in matrimony between him and a now mortal fay. During an adventure with his close friend Sir Pellias, Sir Gawaine acted honorably on multiple†¦show more content†¦At the end of the year, he promised an old and horrid looking beldame one of his knight’s hands in marriage in exchange for the answer to the riddle. Demonstrating his unwavering loyalty to King Arthur, Sir Gawaine married the beldame when she chose him. After marrying her the beldame tested his courtesy once more by telling him she would become beautiful for half of each day. Ignoring his own will, Sir Gawaine chose the half she wanted demonstrating his selflessness and respect. â€Å"So be it. For since I have taken thee for my wife, so must I show thee respect in all matter† (Pyle 310). After this, she revealed herself as a fay who witnessed his good-byes with Sir Pellias and abandoned her immortality to test his honor and marry him. When tested, Sir Gawaine passed and confirmed his honorable character. Despite his best efforts, Sir Gawaine still sullied his honor several times due to no fault of his own. Usually these instances involved variables Sir Gawaine had no control over. For instance, after killing a white hart, he battled the knight of the castle. However, while swinging his sword for a mighty final blow, the knight’s wife unexpectedly intervened. Honorably, Sir Gawaine softened his blow as much as possible to avoid killing her. â€Å"nevertheless, he was able to turn his sword in his hand so that the edge thereof did not smite the lady† (Pyle 288). Next,Show MoreRelatedEssay on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight1617 Words   |  7 PagesSir Gawaine and the Green Knight, a poem of pitting chivalrous courage against a game of deceitful trickery, relies heavily on the symbolic messages its protagonists send through their apparel. The anonymous poet dedicates numerous lines to describing the artifacts of armor, clothing, and jewelry both characters display. Dress, designed to convey a multitude of concepts is crucial to the storys plot; the elements of garb also work in tandem to reaffirm specific personality traits. The dominant role

Cultural Differences Paper - 1668 Words

Cultural Differences Paper Jessica Fuentes COM 360 September 10, 2014 Mary Wardlaw There are cultural differences within all the communities that make up the world, we are constantly surrounded and reminded of these other cultures. In this paper cultural differences will be discussed from the film â€Å"Why Did I Get Married?† which is an African-American movie about the hardships one goes through in marriage, friendships, and trust. This paper is going to give specific examples of Hall’s perspective of culture on the screen and Hofstede’s five dimensions that are reflected in a particular pattern. Examples of both verbal and non verbal intercultural communication and how they relate to particular intercultural†¦show more content†¦This movie is targeted for African-American culture, so a lot of the language, slang, and stereotypes were evident in this film and so there wasn’t much explanation, it is simply something that is just known as it unfolds in the movie. If someone is watching this movie and they are Asian they migh t not understand much of what goes on in the movie, especially if they are unaware of the African-American culture. An example would be when the girls of the group go shopping and they are in a store looking at lingerie and shawls made for winter weather, the shopkeeper came up to them and simply said â€Å"we don’t keep cash in the store† now of course one of the ladies went a little crazy because she realized that she had said that because of their skin color. Hofstede’s five dimensions of culture are power distance, individualism v collectivism, masculinity v femininity, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term v short-term time orientation. In the film the five dimensions are present, in the dimension of power distance it clear with the powerful positions that all the characters have within their professional lives. The way they live and own lavish houses leads to believe that they don’t believe they are equals to everyone else because of their status . Most of the couples demand respect and expect not to be question in their motives, which is a higher power context. Next is individualism versus collectivism, inShow MoreRelatedCultural Differences Paper892 Words   |  4 PagesCultural Differences Paper Cultural Differences Introduction Many people throughout the world indentify themselves by their cultural background. It is common knowledge that there are many different cultures throughout the world. Each culture has its similarities and differences. Every individual has multiple identities Race, ethnic, gender, national, regional, organizational, personal, cyber/fantasy—that act in concert. The importance of any single identity is a result of the situation. AsRead MoreSpan 110 Complete Course Span110 Complete Course695 Words   |  3 Pagescom/q/span-110-complete-course-span110-complete-course/13563 SPAN 110 WEEK 2 TEAM ASSIGNMENT CULTURAL SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN THE ARTS PAPER Select  two countries where Spanish is the predominant language to serve as the basis for the Learning Team assignments in this course. Obtain faculty approval for your selections. Research  the cultural customs, such as dance, music, theater, and the visual arts for each of your selected countries. Write  a 700- to 1,050-word paper on the cultural customs in your selected countries. Include theRead MoreHow Educational And Cultural Environment Of A Subject Can Make A Difference Essay1587 Words   |  7 PagesSummary: Prior research on professional scepticism focused mostly on the trait perspective .But this paper by argues the mostly commonly held assumption that individual personality attributes are static. The main focus of this paper is how educational and cultural environment of a subject can make a difference in their personality variable self-construal and therefore influence sceptical judgment. There has not been any research done in this respect that involves Chinese accounting student in ChinaRead MoreCultural Constraints in Management by G. Hofstede904 Words   |  4 PagesA Critical Review of Hofstede, G. 1993, Cultural Constraints in Management Theories, The Executive, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 81-94. There have been many research and studies on the national cultures and its consequences on management theories by numerous researchers. Of those many, ‘Cultural constraints on management theories,’ by Hofstede (1993) is one that has been talked about by most scholars. He strongly claimed that management is a function of culture and that culture influences the way managersRead MoreChallenges Faced By Ethnic Minority Supervisors1216 Words   |  5 PagesChallenges Faced By Ethnic Minority Supervisors in Clinical Supervision Personal Preparation My specialization paper will focus on the challenges faced by ethnic minority supervisors in clinical supervision. My paper is guided by the courses I took in the doctoral program, my personal experience as a supervisor and the gaps in literature review that motivated me to pursue this area of research. In the past two and a half years of my doctoral program, I took courses (advanced clinical supervisionRead MoreInternational Staffing990 Words   |  4 PagesCheckPoint – International Staffing HRM 240 - Human Resource Management October 23, 2010 International Staffing This paper was written for the purpose of exploring the cultural variances in international business and geographical locations of home offices, and remote locations in different countries. Currently organizations are realizing the significance challenges of working in a diverse and challenging environment. â€Å"Staffing a site internationally can add new responsibilitiesRead MoreCross Cultural Relationship Between People And People From Different Cultural Backgrounds Essay1564 Words   |  7 PagesCross Cultural Relationships Abstract This term paper focuses on different types of relationships, be it personal, professional or marital, between people from different cultural backgrounds. The objective of this paper is to list out the ways in which to have a healthy relationship between people who are so different from each other. This has a major significance in today’s world as people are beginning to accept each other on a wider basis across nations and as a result there comes a situationRead MoreSocial Capital And Cultural Capital915 Words   |  4 PagesSocial and cultural capital are two very important factors for school success as these factors explain the differences in achievement gap.  ¬According to Golash-Boza, social capital is â€Å"the relationships and networks that students have† and cultural capital is â€Å"the cultural resources a student has at his or her disposal† (Golash-Boza 225). For social capital, it is basically knowing someone who already has experience of accompli shment in education. It is important to know someone close to a studentRead MoreCultural Differences1094 Words   |  5 PagesCultural Differences In every culture, people work diligently to find a common ground for acceptance and tolerance. Typically, people are accepting of various social criteria that are oftentimes associated with a specific ethnicity. However, many individuals simply tolerate the beliefs, standards, values, and behaviors of other individuals in society while inwardly opposed to the model of the displayed behaviors of other individuals as it relates to another individuals beliefs, value systems, andRead MoreThe Challenges Faced By International Students In Higher Education852 Words   |  4 Pagesstruggle with language issues and cultural differences during their studies, especially more noticeable with Chinese students as they reach 33% and 66% of the whole international student population in Canada and South Korea, respectively (CBIE, 2016; Kim, 2017). This paper aims to examine the challenges faced by international students in Canada and South Korea, and explore what support system are available to support the student learning in academics, social and cultural aspects. As a Canadian immigrant

Cost Effective Management Of Type 2 Diabetes - 1168 Words

Cost Effective Management of Type 2 Diabetes â€Å"Worldwide, more than 284 million people have diabetes, and this number is expected to reach 439 million by 2030† (Liebl, Khunti, Orozco-Beltran and Yale, 2015, p. 13). There are several types of diabetes present throughout the population (type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes) (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research [MFMER], 2016). â€Å"Type 2 diabetes, once known as adult-onset or noninsulin-dependent diabetes, is a chronic condition that affects the way your body metabolizes sugar (glucose), your body s important source of fuel† (MFMER, 2016). There is a debate about whether or not Type 2 diabetics would benefit from insulin sooner (Liebl, Khunti, Orozco-Beltran and Yale, 2015). When considering diabetes management there are several things to consider, for instance the cost of medication regimens, diabetes complications, and education on self-management (Liebl, Khunti, Orozco-Beltran and Yale, 2015). The Cost of Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes is a chronic condition, which can cause an individual to face high expenses (Liebl, Khunti, Orozco-Beltran and Yale, 2015). The majority of diabetics require some sort of medication regimen to control their blood glucose. The use of oral antidiabetic drugs is usually the first choice for type 2 diabetics’ medication regimen. â€Å"Diabetic drug cost is small compared to the cost of managing type 2 diabetes complications; for example, in the T2ARDISShow MoreRelatedThe Prevalence And Incidence Of Type 2 Diabetes Essay1664 Words   |  7 PagesA. Statement of the Problem The prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes are increasing worldwide, particularly in devel-oping countries, in conjunction with increased obesity rates and westernization of lifestyle (In-zucchi et al., 2012). The economic burden for health care systems is skyrocketing, owing to the costs associated with treatment and diabetes complications. Type 2 diabetes remains a leading cause of cardiovascular disorders, blindness, end-stage renal failure, amputations, and hospitali-zationsRead MoreDiabetes Case Study1337 Words   |  6 PagesBesides this, insulin pumps are not more effective than injections at helping people with type 1 diabetes control their blood sugar levels and people with type 2 diabetes can control their glucose level by following a healthy meal plan and losing excess weight and by taking medications. The medications will often change during the course of the disease for each person. Insulin also is usually used with type 2 diabetes to control glycaemia (National Di abetes statistics report, 2014). The people haveRead MoreEssay On Diabetes1694 Words   |  7 Pagesway of diabetes management in Maryland. With limited healthcare resources patient education is the most effective way of reaching out to people in the community which has come along way to yield a better health outcome. Research has shown the potential that community-based interventions hold for helping overcome health disparities in an Type 2 Diabetes 9 effective and financiallyRead MoreThe Management Of Diabetes During Primary Care1704 Words   |  7 Pages The Management of Diabetes in Primary Care: How to Improve HbA1c levels Ellen C. Gallman, RD, LD, RN, BSN Medical University of South Carolina The Management of Diabetes in Primary Care: How to Improve HbA1c levels Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder in primary care, and if not managed properly, is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease, renal failure, retinopathy, and leg amputations (Buttaro, T.M., Trybulski, J., Bailey, P.P., Sandberg-Cook, J., 2013). DiabetesRead MoreNew Diagnostic Tool or Intervention for the Treatment of Diabetes1023 Words   |  4 Pagestool or intervention for the treatment of diabetes-A2071691 Description of the intervention Interventions used in treatment of type 2 diabetes should be those that improve the probability that the patient will have better long term control of diabetes. It is therefore imperative that early diagnosis is given fast priority especially when metabolic abnormalities of diabetes are less severe. Lifestyle interventions are key in containing type 2 diabetes. It is common knowledge that sedentary lifestyleRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus Type 2: A Research1511 Words   |  6 Pagesa serious metabolic disorder called Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. While not managed by insulin injections, it is nevertheless quite serious and has a number of progressing symptoms that, if not treated properly, can result in cardiovascular, renal and neurological problems, as well as amputation, ocular issues, and even cognitive dysfunction. Type II Diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus, is also called non-insulin-dependent diabetes or aadult onset diabetes. It is a medical disorder that, due toRead MoreDiabetes : Medical Nutrition Therapy And Prevention1174 Words   |  5 PagesType 2 Diabetes: Medical Nutrition Therapy Prevention The American Diabetes Association (ADA) conducted a 2012 study measuring the â€Å"Economic Cost of Diabetes in the U.S.,† the results showed a $245 billion financial  ¬-encumbrance from the use of health resources and lost productivity over a 5 year period (American Diabetes, 2013). The cost amounts â€Å"accounts for more than 1 in 5 health care dollars in the U.S.,† and about 62% of cost being covered by government insurance (American Diabetes, 2013)Read MoreThe Effects Of Collaborative Goal Setting On The Pre Diabetic Population1340 Words   |  6 PagesPopulation Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a serious medical condition where the body is unable to process glucose resulting in elevated blood glucose values. Pre-diabetes is a condition where blood glucose values are higher than normal, but not yet high enough to be diagnosed as type 2 diabetes. The CDC (2014) reports that 1 in 3 adults in the United States has pre-diabetes, although many are unaware of their status. Without lifestyle changes pre-diabetes can develop into type 2 diabetes within 5 yearsRead MorePaper On Diabetes Education1099 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch design was quantitative in nature. It was concluded that diabetes education is very effective when it comes to improving various interventions of patients and increasing the knowledge of the patients concerning diabetes type 2. In a study aimed towards assessment of knowledge of diabetes among the type 2 diabetes patients in a primary health care clinic, it was revealed that educational programs are very important when it comes to filling the gap existing in knowledge to the various patientsRead MoreDiabetic Patients Should Be Educated About Diagnosis Of The Disease ( Powers )1730 Words   |  7 Pagesanalysis of existing scientific literature, the following ADA’s recommendations advised for all diabetic patients type 2—all patients should be educated about diagnosis of the disease (Powers, et. al, 2015). All treatment plans for diabetic patients should include education for nutrition therapy and physical. Other important education topics should be covered with individuals with diabetes type two are psychological concerns, behavior change strategies (e.g., self-directed goal setting), taking medications

Victims of Rape and Torture in India - 1272 Words

No woman should ever have to feel scared or threatened every single day of her life. No woman should have to look over her shoulder while walking down the street. No society should turn the other cheek when they see something wrong happening. According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, no one has the right to hurt you or torture you. Laws like this exist everywhere yet there are women having to face the danger of being attacked at any moment. There are big threats such as rape and other forms of torture that women in certain countries have to live in fear of everyday. Women are targeted all around the world. Two counties in which this problem is very prevalent are India and Pakistan. These two countries are not the only places in which this happens but recently, there have been even more instances of these types of attacks. In India, rape has been a very pressing issue for quite some time, but it wasn’t until recently that action was taken. According to Indian gov ernment statistics, a woman is raped every 22 minutes on average . That means 65 women are raped every day. Acid attacks, a kind of torture where a person gets acid thrown in their face, is a very big issue in Pakistan. In 2013, there were 143 acid attacks registered with the Acid Survivors Foundation. The Acid Survivors Foundation, a Pakistani advocacy group for victims, estimates that 150 attacks occur each year. This is just an estimate because there are many attacks that go unreported. Reasons forShow MoreRelatedGender Based Violence Against Women1238 Words   |  5 PagesVIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN: A CLOSER LOOK AT INDIA’S RAPE PROBLEM Background When the sex of a girl or a woman drives the infliction of violence towards them, it is regarded as a form of gender based violence (Heise et al., 2002). Violence against women, regardless of the form, can occur in various stages of the woman’s life (Murthy and Smith, 2010), and refers not only to physical and sexual acts of violence, but also encompasses verbal abuse, emotional torture, economic deprivation, and social disregardRead MoreHuman Trafficking Has Become An International Crime1249 Words   |  5 Pagespost-traumatic stress disorder with victims of human trafficking, in reality, it tragically affects the lives of many women. Human trafficking exploits women in ways that include forced labor, slavery, servitude, sexual exploitation, or removal of human organs. In Nepal specifically, women are trafficked to India and used for prostitution, forced labor, domestic servitude, and sometimes work in circuses as well. The women are not only sent to other parts of India, but to Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, theRead MoreHinduism is a Complex and Diverse Religion Essay877 Words   |  4 Pagesthe majority of India’s population is Hindu, violence against women such as (1) rape; (2) kidnapping and abduction; (3) homicide for dowry, (4) torture; both mental and physical; (5) molestation; and (6) sexual harassment; as identified by the Indian Penal Code in India are rampant (Singh, 4). For example, in 2005-2006, the National Family Health Survey found that more than 37 percent of married women in India were victims of physical or even sexual abuse by their husbands (Singh, xiv). AdditionallyRead MoreRape in India1190 Words   |  5 PagesRape in India Brittany Jones As a woman in the United States, rape is the ultimate nightmare, but to women in India it’s everyday life. Many rape victims’ stories just show how the police in India fail to respond adequately to crimes, especially crimes involving children or women. On February 14th, three girls that were five, nine, and 11 were raped and murdered in the village of Lakhni, India. When the girl’s grandfather reported the girls missing to the police nothing was done about itRead MoreWhats going on in india?1397 Words   |  6 Pages Nor will many of us every really understand. In India, their citizens are suffering from many different types of violations. For instance, people are being tortured. Women are being raped and single handedly being deprived of their rights. Many women are being kidnapped, raped, tortured and some even end up being killed. Its very eye opening when you find out about these types of things because we never hear about these issues. Children in India are also facing various types of violations. KidsRead MoreThe Indian History And The Status Of Women1275 Words   |  6 Pagesin the cases of Devi and Sori (Dobhal 2011: 598). Mother India, commonly termed as Bharat Mata in Sanskrit is the national personification of India as a mother goddess which is widely depicted as a woman clad in a saffron sari holding the national flag. The position of women was high in India and some might argue that degrading positioning of women in the society is influenced by the impact of colonialism. However, the women’s status in India declined prior to the arrival of the colonial power withRead MoreThe Role Of Custodial Torture And Its Removal Of Body Parts Essay1560 Words   |  7 Pagesexposures in wounds, body cavities †¢ Attacks by animals, dental torture †¢ Exhaustion, forced labour, starvation Psychological Torture †¢ Threatening to harm or kill the victim or the victim s relatives †¢ Forced witnessing or hearing the torture of others †¢ Mock execution, forced to harm others †¢ Denigration and humiliations, threats of attacks by animals †¢ Violations of taboos, violation of religion INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENT Custodial Torture has been the concern of international community as the problemRead MoreHinduism is one of the most complex, most varied, and diverse religions in the world—in that there2000 Words   |  8 PagesThat way, people within India will be able to achieve moksha and thus be freed from further reincarnation (World Religions Today, 308). However, this assumption is not entirely true. That is because even though the majority of India’s population is Hindu, violence against women such as (1) rape; (2) kidnapping and abduction; (3) homicide for dowry, (4) torture; both mental and physical; (5) molestation; and (6) sexual harassment; as identified by the Indian Penal Code in India, are rampant (Singh,Read MoreThe Current Debate On The Juvenile Justice Act Essay2017 Words   |  9 PagesJustice Act started after the incidence of the Delhi gang rape case. This incidence is frequently used as the landmark, when we talk about lowering the age of Juvenile. So we should need to look into this cases and examine various sides of this demand. If we talk about the crime, then Crime is present in our society from a very long time. We may disagree it or not the crime is hold in the society cannot deny its presence. However, but in india it has been on the rise in recent times. What’s most surprisingRead MoreAbortion : Pro Choice Perspective1281 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom the womb before it is able to survive independently. Women have abortions for many reasons including: Inability to support or care for a child, to prevent the birth of a child with birth defects or severe health problems, pregnancy resulting from rape and/or incest, physical or mental conditions that endanger the woman’s health if pregnancy is continued, and financial instability. Stats: Canada In Canada, there are approximately 31 abortions per 100 live births, and roughly 330,000 live births

Marketing Plan Marketing Strategy and Plan

Question: What is marketing Plan? Answer: Introduction: Marketing strategy is one of the effective measures that are taken by the organisation in order to achieve the goals and objectives of an organisation. The effective marketing strategy can provide the organisation with the sustainable competitive advantage in the industry and can help in achieving the short-term and the long-term goals of the firm. Marketing strategy is one of the functions of the marketing management. Marketing management is one of the significant and integral parts of the organisational functions. The marketing management strategies can help in identifying the target market and the effective message can be communicated with the consumers for influencing their purchase decisions (Clow Baack, 2012). The main aim of this project is to identify the 4P strategy of marketing for establishing a new corporation that can offer corporate photography and product release events in the market of Canberra. Marketing Objectives: The main aim of the marketing plan is to establish the photography studio in the market and take effective measures for attracting the target consumers in the industry. The marketing strategies can help in establishing the service in the Canberra markets (Chaffey, Ellis-Chadwick Chaffey, 2012). The service that is taken into consideration is the photography studio where various services will be provided to the consumers from the digital photography and other services can also be provided like printing of the photos, video converting etc. Product Strategy: Various strategies can be integrated in the product for attracting the consumers. It is known that the goods or the service should have certain unique qualities that can help establishing the product in the market and attract the consumers (Finne Grnroos, 2009). Here it can be said that the digital studio will provide the consumers with the unique experience of capturing the memory of their families and friends in the frame. The most advanced cameras will be purchased for providing better service to the consumers. The company will offer high quality photography at the lowest possible cost to the consumers. The service will not only serve to the individual consumers but it will also provide services to the corporate entities like covering the photography of the corporate events. The quality of the service that will be provided to the consumers is very high and the service providers are very professional (Keegan, 2012). Pricing Strategy: The pricing strategy is another important factor that needs to be taken into consideration. The pricing strategy involves taking the decisions regarding the pricing of the product. There are various pricing strategies that can be taken by an organisation. There can be various pricing strategies like the penetration pricing, skimming pricing, competitive pricing, psychological pricing, bundle pricing etc. The penetration pricing strategy is referred as the strategy where the organisation sets lower price for the service in order to increase the market share by increasing the sales of the service. The skimming pricing can be referred as the strategy where the organisation initially sets a very high price and thus profits are skimmed from the market. Afterwards the prices are slowly reduced for making the product available in the market (Kolassa, 2015). The competitive pricing on the other hand refers to the strategy where the pricing decision is taken by taking into consideration the pricing decision of the competitors. The firm can compare their own business with the competitors and they can either price higher, lower and they can keep the prices same as the competitors. The bundle pricing is another pricing strategy that can be taken by the company. In case of bundle pricing a group of products can be bundled together and they are offered to the consumers at a discount rate. The psyc hological pricing is basically the strategy where the theory o psychology is used for positioning product in the market (Kotler Keller, 2012). For the photography company, the competitive or penetrating pricing strategy should be applied and lower price should be charged to the consumers for increasing the market share in the industry. Along with these strategies, the bundle pricing and psychological pricing strategy can be implemented as well (Marketing-schools.org, 2015). Promotion Strategy: The promotion strategy is one of the most effective strategies that are implemented in the organisation for spreading the words regarding the specifications of the service that is provided by the company. The promotion strategy is used for educating the target audience and various stakeholders regarding the effectiveness of the service (Shankar Carpenter, 2012). The organisation evaluates the best possible way for reaching the target audience and these are usually a combination of various strategies like advertising, promoting, referrals, personal selling and public relations for the promotion of the service. In case of provision of photography service, the organisation can implement multiple techniques of promotion. They can advertise for the service in the traditional media like newspapers, television etc. On the other hand the social media marketing can be done as well for promoting the service for e.g. in social networking sites of facebook and twitter. The word of mouth and mai ntaining good public relations can help in achieving the desired goals of the company (Software, 2015). Thus here it can be said that a group of promotional techniques or the promotional mix can be used for increasing the awareness among the consumers. The budget that can be set for the promotion is $2,000. Here the promotional mix includes social media advertising, newspaper ads, pamphlets, word of mouth etc. The timeline for the promotion is 3 months before the opening of the service (Toolkit.smallbiz.nsw.gov.au, 2015). Distribution strategy: The distribution or placement strategy is also very effective and significant strategy that is taken by the business units. Distribution marketing strategy refers to the location and the methods that are used by business units in order to supply the products to the consumers. There place is very important as the consumers receive the product or the service at the location (Volkov, 2005). Thus it is very important to increase the convenience of the people for acquiring the service. In this case the company can be located in a more accessible and local area in Canberra where people can easily access through various forms of transport. In case of corporate photo shoot, the service can be acquired through contact numbers or through email that can be given in the advertisement or in the company website (Westwood, 2011). The social networking sites can also be used for contacting. Thus it can be said that the company will operate under the model of B2C (business to consumer) and B2B (Business to business). They will directly provide the service to the consumers as well as other business and corporate units. Implementation and Evaluation: The project implementation and evaluation can also be done here. It is very important to implement the project effectively and control effectively at each and every step. Here it can be said that, in case of project implementation there can be various issues that are faced by organisations. So appropriate planning must be done with pre-planned schedule for the project. In the following table the schedule of marketing plan is given. Project Component Feb Mar April May June Recruitment of project staff Planning for marketing Traditional Media Advertisement Social Media Advertisement In order to evaluate the efficiency of the business project, it is very important to estimate the feasibility of the project. The cost benefit analysis can be an effective tool of assessing the efficiency of the project. The cost benefit analysis is a systematic approach for estimating the weaknesses and the strengths of the desired option. It is one of the effective tools for identifying whether the project should be undertaken or not (Wood, 2011). According to the cost benefit analysis, a project needs to be undertaken if the cost of taking the project is lower than the expected benefits that can be received from the project. Thus it can be said that in this case, there is a significant amount of cost that is borne by the company at first but it is expected that the revenue will surpass the cost and thus the project should be undertaken (Chaffey, Ellis-Chadwick Chaffey, 2012). Conclusion: In conclusion it can be said that the project can provide significant opportunities to the company. The company can expand in other areas as well after succeeding in the market of Canberra. Highly innovative services by using latest devices can help in increasing the efficiency of the company and it can lead to a major success. It is known that the demand for the service is significant in the market and the company can utilise the opportunity for acquiring larger market share in the industry. The planning and implementation of the marketing plan is one of the critical success factors for an organisation. Thus it is very important to implement the marketing plan effectively for achieving success in the industry. In this assignment the effectiveness of the 4Ps of marketing namely Product, Place, Promotion and Price is discussed. References Chaffey, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F., Chaffey, D. (2012).Digital marketing. Harlow: Pearson. Clow, K., Baack, D. (2012).Cases in marketing management. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE. Finne, ., Grnroos, C. (2009). Rethinking marketing communication: From integrated marketing communication to relationship communication.Journal Of Marketing Communications,15(2-3), 179-195. doi:10.1080/13527260902757654 Keegan, W. (2012).Global marketing management. Harlow: Pearson Education. Kolassa, M. (2015).The Marketing Plan-Critical Success Factors | PM360.Pm360online.com. Retrieved 13 January 2015, from https://www.pm360online.com/the-marketing-plancritical-success-factors/ Kotler, P., Keller, K. (2012).Marketing management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Marketing-schools.org,. (2015).Entrepreneurial Marketing | What is Entrepreneurial Marketing?. Retrieved 13 January 2015, from https://www.marketing-schools.org/types-of-marketing/entrepreneurial-marketing.html Shankar, V., Carpenter, G. (2012).Handbook of marketing strategy. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Pub. Software, P. (2015).Photography Studio Business Plan Sample - Market Analysis | Bplans.Bplans.com. Retrieved 14 January 2015, from https://www.bplans.com/photography_studio_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.php Toolkit.smallbiz.nsw.gov.au,. (2015).The Four P's of Marketing. Retrieved 14 January 2015, from https://toolkit.smallbiz.nsw.gov.au/part/3/12/56 Volkov, M. (2005). Cases in Marketing and Marketing Communication.Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ),13(1), 73-74. doi:10.1016/s1441-3582(05)70071-9 Westwood, J. (2011).How to write a marketing plan. London: Kogan Page. Wood, M. (2011).The marketing plan handbook. Boston: Prentice Hall.

Jesus and muhammed Essay Example For Students

Jesus and muhammed Essay Jesus and Muhammad have been held in high respect, if not respected, by the billions who have belonged top the religions that these two greats founded. Although both men thought of them of selves as spokes people of the same God not very much attention has been given to their similarities and differences. It is hard to find people through the ages that appreciate what Muhammad did. It seems that a lot of people degrade the rival leader to promote their won religious leader. In spite of these similarities, a comparison of the two men is somewhat uneven in the eyes of the Muslims and Christians. Muhammad spent his life in a region known as Hijaz, an arid plateau in western Arabia and also he lived the end of his life in Medina, where as Jesus spent his life in Nazareth located less than a thousand miles northwest of Mohammed homeland He also spent some time if his younger life in Egypt once Jesus was kicked out of Nazareth he moved to the lakeside town Capernium. Most of the young live s of the two are not very well documented all biographical information is held within the bible and the Koran. Islam and Christianity are the most widely studied religions. Jesus belonged to a religion which some women were given respect, as in the Islamic religion the women are given very much less respect that Christianity The bible and the Koran are both the most widely read books in the history of the world. In the Koran the word of god became divine in the Koran but in Christianity Jesus became divine not the bible. Both Jesus and Muhammad believed they they could converse directly with god in public or private. It was believed that mecca is the holiest place in the Islamic religion, in Christianity there is no such area or city, the closest place to mecca would be Bethlehem which is the birthplace of Jesus. In the last years of Mohammed life he was treated in an awesome way that distinguished him from others in his area. In the last years of Jesus life he was treated terribly by all who didnt follow his ways. In Islam it is said when Jesus was crucified that he said My god have you forsaken me , but Christianity there is no place where it says that Jesus gave up on god in the way the Koran says. In Islam the Koran was given to Mohammed by Allah directly. In Christianity the bible was written by many other people and not given to Jesus by god. Jesus is spoken of and is featured in the Koran and he is known as somewhat of a saint in the Koran, but in the bible Mohammed is never spoken of. Muhammad said that he was merely just a mortal man , but Jesus was brought back to life after he died. In the Koran it says that people are either good or evil and that has to kind of do with Adam and Eve and Abel. Jesus said that his religious tradition had long encouraged love toward other Israelites while going with hatred toward foreigners who had been unfriendly to his people. Jesus conveyed him self as knowing that he was gods suffering servant. I thought that this book was very informative but it really doesnt go along the lines of the kind of books that i usually read. It was a really hard book to read and it was hard to stay interested in. I gave up on this book about three or four times but i am glad i read it and i learned a lot.

Preparation For Writing Weather Essay Topics

Preparation For Writing Weather Essay TopicsThe weather is certainly a prime consideration when planning to write a weather essay topic. Any type of weather will be affected by the time of year. Summer days are bright and sunny; rainy and winter days are usually rainy and snowing. It is very easy to find someone who will agree with your views on climate change, but the majority of students are very concerned about this subject.An acceptable research method for weather essay topics is to gather information about the weather in the particular area where you are going to conduct your research. In general most people would be more impressed if you spent some time in the area and discussed your findings with locals. A word of caution: make sure that you give some thought to how your research will be presented.Most writing projects require a bit of research, and this should apply to writing a weather essay topic as well. If you want your research to be presented in a clear and straightforw ard manner, you can spend some time finding the areas where you might want to display your research. Obviously, if you know that the weather will be wet, sunny, or snowy, you will want to concentrate on your research.Once you have gathered your research information, you can begin to think about the format in which you will present your research for weather essay topics. For example, you may wish to use an outline for this project, a thesis statement, or simply write a short narrative.The outline for a weather essay topics has been designed to help you organize your research. You can use the outline to create a plan to gather your information. After you have written your research in a clearly organized fashion, you can move on to writing your thesis statement.In your research brief, make sure that you include your research findings, and allow others to comment on them. However, ensure that your statement is free of all religious or political references, as these may limit your audien ce to those who agree with your viewpoint.Most importantly, in order to ensure that your essay topic is both engaging and entertaining, you should ensure that you enjoy writing it. Not everyone enjoys researching and writing, but for others, this can be a great hobby. For more information on weather essay topics, contact a writing expert.

ITCs cigarette Business Essay Example

ITCs cigarette Business Essay High incidence of taxation continuously has been a deterrent to ITCs cigarette Business. Taxes amount to over 80% of the value added in the cigarette industry, hence making cigarettes increasingly unaffordable to the Indian tobacco consumer. There are about 200 million tobacco consumers in India, and of them, fewer than 14% can afford cigarettes, although cigarettes contributes 90% of total Central and State revenues generated from tobacco sector. Non-cigarette forms of tobacco consumption, constituting nearly 85% of tobacco consumption in the country, contribute barely 10% of Government revenues because of the difficulty of tax collection and the low tax yields that characterize this largely unorganized sector. There has been a prolonged punitive and discriminatory taxation regime at Central and State levels have made cigarettes unaffordable to the majority of tobacco consumers. Also, Non-cigarette forms of tobacco products are largely produced in the unorganized sector characterized by lower rates of tax and ineffective enforcement. As a result, there is a growing migration to lower value forms of tobacco consumption. Just to illustrate, in 2003, the effective excise duty on most tobacco products other than cigarettes is equivalent to about 12% of the net value of the product whereas on cigarettes this component is as high as 140%. Moreover in 2003, VAT was introduced on cigarettes already subject to a plethora of taxes. The export prospects were affected by the uncertainty and diminished market presence caused by the crop holidays in Andhra Pradesh. We will write a custom essay sample on ITCs cigarette Business specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on ITCs cigarette Business specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on ITCs cigarette Business specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As a result, the export attractiveness of Indian tobaccos is caught up in a vicious cycle to the growing detriment of the tobacco farmers. Also, small base of domestic cigarette consumption discourages investment in RD and quality enhancement of tobacco varieties thereby sub-optimizing the export potential of tobacco. There was also threat from contraband trade of cigarettes aided with loopholes in the regulatory framework and lack of effective enforcement. In 2004-05, severe restrictions were imposed on the cigarettes industry with respect to advertisement, sale and consumption of tobacco products with the implementation of the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products (Prohibition of Advertisement and Regulation of Trade, Commerce, Production, Supply and Distribution) Act, 2003 (COTPA). All these in totality made cigarette business less profitable and more challenging. As a result, ITC started diversifying into multiple businesses. While exploring new opportunities, for long term growth, ITC depended on its multiple strengths synergies that it could bring about from its existing businesses. We discuss few of such businesses in detail in the following sections. The mill at Bhadrachalam produces 240,000 TPY of papers and boards and has three board machines and two smaller paper machines. The mill produces paperboards for the packaging and graphics segments with a product range that includes Cyber XLPac (folding box boards), Pearl/Saphire Graphik (solid bleached boards) high value boards and the Ecoviron range of recycled boards. It also makes liquid packaging boards for Tetrapak in India. One of the big innovations at this mill has been the commissioning of an Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) fibre line. This is a state-of-the-art line which meets the effluent norms set by the Ministry of Environment and Forests of the Government of India and thus ties in with the Environment theme in its Triple Bottomline. The Tribeni Tissues unit was initially part of the Wiggins Teape Company, UK from 1961 to 1988. In 1992, it merged with ITC Ltd. The mill and its paper machines were refurbished with the latest technology. It has a capacity of 33,000 TPY with a product range that includes cigarette tissues, fine papers, packaging papers and specialties. The range from papers produced is quite diverse including Cigarette Tissues and Components, Laminating Base Tissue, Acid-Free and Anti-Rust Tissues, Low Grammage Printing Papers, Di cor Papers to Insulation Grade and Medical Grade Papers. The unit is ISO 9001:2000 version and ISO 14001 accredited. ITC has another paperboard facility at Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu which was acquired from BILT Industrial Packaging Company in 2004. This mill manufactures Coated Duplex boards Greyback and Whiteback made with 100% recycled materials and has a single board machine with 90,000 TPY of capacity. The products are continuously monitored for quality using a Siemens DCS system and Measurex QCS system. Quality as in other ITC units is a big focus and the mill has continuously demonstrated quality having achieved ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certifications. The delivery of rolls and sheets is ensured by a modern Finishing House with short turnaround times. Eco Naturo and Eco Naturo-HS are the two grades of Coated Duplex Grey Back board made from this unit. For almost the first time in India, a customer has the option to buy a higher bulk and stiffness of Greyback Board (GD2 grade) for his carton requirements. The unit at Bollarum near Hyderabad produces 5000 TPY of Cast Coated Papers and Boards, 10,000 TPY of Poly Extrusion coated boards and 10000 TPY of C2S art boards and Ivory cards. It is the market leader in South Asia in carton boards and ranks second in turnover within the Indian paper industry. Most leading Fast Moving Consumer Goods Brands in India use paperboard manufactured at this location. Exports constitute about 20% of sales and cater to international markets in Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Iran, Australia, UAE, Turkey, China, Singapore, UK, Greece, Germany and USA. The unit is ISO 9001:2000 series accredited.

The eNotes Blog Louise Erdrich Wins 2012 National BookAward

Louise Erdrich Wins 2012 National BookAward It was a good morning for author Louise Erdrich, as she was announced the recipient of 2012s National Book Award for her novel  The Round House.   Like much of Erdrichs other work (Love Medicine, The Red Convertible),  The Round House  concerns the life of a Native American family in crisis and a culture in jeopardy. The Round House  is the story of a crime. Geraldine Coutts, an Ojibwe woman living on a reservation, is attacked. Neither her husband, Bazil, nor her thirteen-year-old son, Joe, were present when she was assaulted. Geraldine will not tell them who did it or or why; nor will she tell the police. Although Joe desperately tries to get her to tell him, or anyone, what happened, Geraldine refuses. She will not even leave her bed. Essentially motherless, Joe is left to fend for himself, although he is far from ready for the weight of adult  responsibilities. Joes father, Bazil, is a tribal judge but justice moves too slowly for the teenager. He begins his own investigation which ultimately leads him to the Round House, a sacred place of worship where, eventually, secrets are revealed. Runners Up: Speculation about who would win this year was a bit more contentious than in years past, as there were many strong contenders, both critically and popularly. One of those considered a good bet was Junot Diazs  This is How You Lose Her.   Ã‚  Nine stories intertwine, but at the center is Yunior, a young hardhead whose longing for love is equaled only by his recklessnessand by the extraordinary women he loves and loses: artistic Alma; the aging Miss Lora; Magdalena, who thinks all Dominican men are cheaters; and the love of his life, whose heartbreak ultimately becomes his own. While Diaz is undoubtedly disappointed by his loss, he certainly has a lot to console him, as this year, the 44-year-old writer was given a MacArthur Fellowship. You can listen to an interview with Diaz about that prestigious appointment here. A long shot, but a strong critical and popular favorite was not a novel but a memoir.  The Boy Kings of Texas  is about the experiences of Domingo Martinez as he grew up in the border town of Brownsville, Texas. The book is Partly a reflection on the culture of machismo and partly an exploration of the author’s boyhood spent in his sister’s hand-me-down clothes,  The Boy Kings of Texas  delves into the enduring and complex bond between Martinez and his deeply flawed but fiercely protective older brother, Daniel, and features a cast of memorable characters. Charming, painful and enlightening, this book examines the traumas and pleasures of growing up in South Texas and the often terrible consequences when two very different cultures collide on the banks  of a dying river. One of the stories from the work was featured in a must-listen segment of last weeks episode of  This American Life.  You can listen to the full episode here, or queue it up to Act III to hear Martinez read Mimis in the Middle. In another episode of the autobiography, the 13-year-old Domingo is a helpless passenger in his mothers car as she and Domingo follow his father, who is driving a truck full of marijuana, all of them hoping they do not get caught. Christmas is coming up, you know. How about adding one of these, or all three, to your wish list?

Peopel Mangment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Peopel Mangment - Essay Example This paper approves that it is clear from the above discussion that diversity has a number of dimensions and has a major impact on the overall position of women in the workplace. Promoting gender equality is a growing trend and the various equality and diversity policies adopted by companies clearly impact women and assist them in gaining better positions and also job profiles which fit their skills set. Here the principle of human rights is to provide basic equal treatment to individuals from different groups. The main aim of all human resources across different companies is to ensure that the inequalities within the groups are reduced and women as well as men are given the same treatment, without any form of bias or distinction. This essay makes a conclusion that one of the main areas of focus across the world has been on the need for reducing discrimination against women. Hence it can be concluded that the various equality and diversity policies that have been developed over the years clearly have a strong impact on women and in most cases this is a positive influence. Nevertheless a few companies, despite all the laws and regulations, have not been able to effectively ensure that women are given their rights and that job selection, recruitment and retention are based on the skills set and not gender. Even so, the overall impact of the equality and diversity policies is clearly been extremely effective and has proven to be very successful across the world.

Microbe Report on Escherichia coli Lab Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Microbe on Escherichia coli - Lab Report Example Most of the strains found in the gut are actually beneficial to the host by inhibiting the growth of other harmful bacteria and synthesizing vitamins, like K2. However, some serotypes can cause severe food poisoning in humans. One common strain, O157:H7, releases strong toxins, specifically enterotoxins, that damage and infect the host’s intestinal lining (Rasko, 2011). At times, a small colony of only 10-100 cells in enough to cause infections in children. The incubation period of these types of infection causing strains can range anywhere from a few hours to a week. The bacteria penetrate and thrive in the intestinal lining, eating away at the mucosa (Hayhurst, 2004). Symptoms of Disease: Symptoms usually manifest themselves in adults after 3-4 days of being infected consisting mostly of mild diarrhea, abdominal cramping and nausea. In severe cases the diarrhea can become bloody and the infection can cause kidney problems leading to pale skin, fever, chills, and bruising. Most healthy adults get better within a weak while for infants and young children it can take longer. In rare and extreme cases the virulent strain can also cause pneumonia, hemolytic uremic syndrome (kidney failure), and dehydration through diarrhea, eventually leading to death in young children and older adults (Hayhurst, 2004). Diagnosis: Usually the doctor carries out a physical examination and a medical history involving a series of questions about many of the symptoms. The questions will also try to determine travelling history, recently eaten foods, contact with contaminated foods and unpasteurized dairy products, and antibiotic use. The physical examination consists of checking the patient’s temperature, blood pressure, skin color, stomach tenderness and a rectal exam. If E. coli infection is suspected, the doctor will request a stool culture examination to determine the presence of the infectious strain and

Benefits of Family Counseling Essay Example for Free

Benefits of Family Counseling Essay This is a very arguable statement, and there are many reasons for it to be. I believe that the reasons for family counseling completely out weight the reasons why some families shouldnt participate in it. Family counseling is often looked at as a tool to help families with problems, but counseling can be helpful to everyone. Counselors try to help with all scenarios of life, work, school, friends, etc. Even if you are a pretty balanced person you can still get tips from a professional, whether your family has been through a major turmoil, or could simply gain from refining their communication skills with each other. Counseling can be a way to help everyone in a family. Therapy for children as well as parents can help reduce all types of stresses for everyone involved. Major abuses, little arguments, as well as general venting can all be addressed in a calmer, quieter atmosphere. These are just a few reasons why every family should attend counseling. By attending counseling it can help children learn how to deal with tough situations, strengthen communication, and overcome differences. We all have to face obstacles in our lives and some of them can be pretty tough. To teach children, through adolescence to adulthood, skills to deal with tough situations could mean the difference and difficulties in how many college graduates there are, how many overcome poverty, and how families are in a secure loving environment. Teaching youth to face their difficulties instead of running or quitting is highly important, and should be one of the emphasized parts of school. In our society many people think that if things are hard for them, obviously it is not something that they should be doing. I think that with the guidance and some positive reinforcement that people can learn to overcome their difficulties. Being in a new situation or learning new skills is hard and everyone struggles. Because we allow teens to quit, many young adults decide not to attend college. They often feel that since they didn’t do well in high school college would be too difficult. With parents and a professional both helping kids to overcome difficulties at an early age it will instill within them that obstacles are just a part of life that they have to overcome; quitting is not an option. Many times kids learn how to deal with differences from their parents or other people around them. A lot of parents yell and show anger when they are mad at their spouse or their boss, or even their children. Cartoons normally deal with problems through violence and teachers even yell at kids. All of this teaches children that it is okay to act with anger and violence, and that these are solutions to their problems. Then parents get mad at them for mimicking them and their environment, and then what happens? Most of the time parents show more anger, yelling, and sometimes use violence to correct them. With all of this, I believe that it’d be nice to have a professional help parents in order to teach them the proper way of disciplining without aggression, and to help children learn the right way of solving their everyday problems. Communication and discipline problems between parents and children are very common and can lead to marital problems as well. Divorce and the creation of stepfamilies also create difficulties. Often, the partners themselves are the problem because of poor communication, continuous conflict, sexual problems or even in-law problems. If a low income mother and child had counseling how do you think it would affect them? I think that not only would the child benefit from it, but it may even teach the mother what is possible for her: a better job, how to find a stronger more secure relationship, and how to teach her child. The child would learn skills, and by doing so, set goals for future achievements. With the help of a counselor and a well taught mother, the probability of the child may doing crime, selling or using drugs, participating in a gang, or living in prison, is significantly lower. Strengthening communication skills is also important, often time teens can be to out spoken and not think before they say something that can hurt someone feelings. Other times teens can be really shy and not open up to anyone. Communication skills are fundamental, and should be worked on. Communication is a skill that will have to be worked on throughout life because in different environments different communication skills will be needed. The biggest negative about family counseling is the cost. There would probably be families or certain people in the family that did not contribute in the experience, which means that the counseling would have little or no effect on their lives. Another downside is that it is possible in the environment to focus on one person and blame them for certain family problems. I am sure that there are other negatives about family counseling but in my opinion nothing really significant. I think that the government can use add to schooling tax dollars and use some of it for this program. Regardless if all families and all family members use the program to benefit, I think many people Family counseling relates to the narratives in many ways. Some of the families experience a death, others have parents get divorced, or teens getting pregnant and having a baby. I think counseling could help with these major emotional distresses, and also help with the everyday problems that some of the other narratives experience as well. The narrative represent just a few people in our society, but I believe that they, like most people, could use a little more guidance to stay on a stable, successful path with strong relationships and a positive knowing belief in themselves. I think this program should be financially supported from the government. It should become a law in which I think will ultimately preserve our rights and freewill. Laws are being passed all the time that conflict with our constitution and with crime and fear spreading epidemically it’s just a matter of time before most citizens will give the government complete control in order to stop the chaos. The foundation of this country is crumbling and I think it is time to reinforce it, so that we can continue to follow the path of our dreams, and not fall like every great kingdom in the past. I believe to stay as a free country, and a prosperous nation thing have to change, in fact many things will probably have to change. I think my idea of a professional guiding both, parents to raise their kids and to help lead kids to overcome difficulties is a good starting place for a significant change in this country. I think that counseling could help with every family, even if it is just to bring them closer together. Whether it is a stable family, or a family with stepparents and stepsiblings, that need to learn that these people are now someone that is going to always be around, and are in the same situation. They can learn from one another and become close like real family. From family counseling our society maybe better educated, more responsible, less violent, more dependable, and have a stronger sense of belonging.

Curriculum Development and Change Essay -- essays research papers

INTRODUCTION There seems to be a lot of controversy and uncertainty as to  ¡Ã‚ ¥what is the curriculum? ¡Ã‚ ¦ As such, there is a distributing lack of consensus on an all-embracing definition of this comprehensive concept. This is, in part, due to the various interpretations, meanings, emphasis and approaches that the scholars of curriculum studies embark upon. This, in turn, leaves the education practitioners and the general public in the dark as to what constitutes that which should be considered as  ¡Ã‚ ¥good curriculum practice ¡Ã‚ ¦ in educational institutions. This exposition seeks to highlight and evaluate the key concepts of the curriculum and some of the factors that have marked influence on curriculum planning, curriculum development and change. The impact that learning environments, learning theories, culture, ideologies and knowledge have on the curriculum will be briefly brought to the fore. 2. KEY CONCEPTS OF THE CURRICULUM The term curriculum is derived from a Latin word  ¡Ã‚ ¥curere ¡Ã‚ ¦ meaning the  ¡Ã‚ ¥racecourse ¡Ã‚ ¦. Implicit in the meaning is, as cited by Fraser, W.J. et al (1990:81). The fact that the curriculum is  ¡Ã‚ ¥a relatively fixed track or terrain (learning content) which must be covered (mastered) by the participant (learner) in order to reach the winning-post (learning result). ¡Ã‚ ¦ Based on this literal meaning, attempts to clarify what the curriculum is have led to the following definitions: „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A programme of study „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Course content „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Planned learning experiences „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Intended learning outcomes „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A plan for instruction According to Graham-Jolly, M. (2000:3), these definitions are narrow interpretations of the curriculum since  ¡Kthe term is often used to refer to the formal academic programme provided by a school, as reflected in subjects on the timetable,,,it might also be used to refer to a particular course of instruction or syllabus. The focus here is, in the main, on didactic activities as they occur within the classroom situation. The latest trend, however, places emphasis on a broader and more inclusive interpretation of the concept, which takes into cognisance the social, political, economic and historical contexts within which the curriculum is designed, developed and implemented. Lubisi, C et al (... ...dequately addressed in an essay of this nature. I also found out that some elements that influence the curriculum are so interrelated and it was not always easy to discuss each one separately. 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  REFERENCES „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fraser, WJ. (1990).  ¡Ã‚ ¥Didactics ¡Ã‚ ¦, South Africa: Butterworths „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gatawa, B.S.M. (1990)  ¡Ã‚ ¥The Politics of the Curriculum ¡Ã‚ ¦, Zimbabwe: Jongwe Press. „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Graham-Jolly, M. (200)  ¡Ã‚ ¥The Curriculum: Theory and Practice ¡Ã‚ ¦ London: Paul Chapman „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  King, M. (1991)  ¡Ã‚ ¥The Politics of Curriculum, Structure and Processes ¡Ã‚ ¦, Pietermaritzburg : Centaur Publishers „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lemmer, E. (1999)  ¡Ã‚ ¥Contemporary Education ¡Ã‚ ¦ Sandton: Heinemann „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lubisi, C. et al (1998).  ¡Ã‚ ¥Thinking about Curriculum ¡Ã‚ ¦ Cape Town: Oxford University Press. „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ozmon, H.A. and Craver, S. M. (1986).  ¡Ã‚ ¥Philosophical Foundations of Education ¡Ã‚ ¦. Ohio: Merrill „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Taylor, P. and Richards, C. M. (1987).  ¡Ã‚ ¥Curriculum Studies ¡Ã‚ ¦ Berkshire: Nelson

Nundies Sase Study Essay

1. How would you characterize the situation facing Advanced Materials with respect to Nundies in January 2008? Nundies means no undies which are disposable thin panty that made for woman who like invisible panty lines and wish to wear thin liner instead of wearing traditional under wear. Nundies sell its product through different channels but mainly through women’s specialty shops which counted 242 in 2007. It also distributes its products online at its official website as well as many other store websites. The main purpose of Nundies is to offer women who dislike underwear a convenient and comfortable product. The biggest advantage for Nundies is that there are only substitute products available in the market, the product it offers has no direct competitors. Now the primary problem Nundies facing is that Nundies’s expectations are failed due to the low store repurchase rate. Apart from the initial purchase, only approximately 6% stores placed additional orders for extra units and only 10% of reorders are included in the total units sold. In addition, although the online activity is considered to be positive, it is not used frequently enough in terms of reorder. The amount of panties included in a single package is another problem and will be discussed in the next question. Other problems includes the sales person in stores do not promote Nundies enough. They think Nundies can sell themselves because they are already displaying on the shelves. So sales person do not talk about the product or recommend Nundies to their customers. Actually, customers with interest to Nundies seem to be embarrassed by showing their interest in stores. Therefore the passive attitude of sales person has a direct impact on the sales of Nundies’ products. Moreover, Nundies’s products displays together with other merchandise in shops means its products merge in with other goods, customer would possibly miss Nundies’s products and this result in a  big loss in sales. As a result, if store personnel do not suggest or promote Nundies’s products and Nundies are not properly displayed in stores, Nundies will face a decrease in sales as well as affect the reordering from other companies. This will impact Nundies’s profits and sales. Advanced Materials Inc is a manufacturing company with large industrial customer base. It changed its strategy to focus on promoting its own product and transforming the capabilities of its product development to be customer based. The main target markets are medical and consumer market. Core capability of AMI is to produce single use medical grade products. Therefore the launch of Nundies was very innovative for AMI. 2. How would you describe the introductory program for Nundies, including the market target, value proposition, and each marketing mix element? Advanced Materials Inc.’s new product Nundies is very different from the past products manufactured by Advanced Material Inc. It represents the company’s transition to consumer and proprietary medical products from foam fabricator manufacturing business. The manufacturing costs to produce a single liner include material and labor cost which is estimated to be $0.6 per unit. Three colors, buff, black and assorted would be produced in a package. And 5 count plastic pillow packages would be created to package the liners and each cost $0.45 to produce. Nundies provide retail stores 5-count package with the wholesale price of $7 and selling price to customers is $15. Furthermore, for each 5-count packages sold, Nundies offers 12% commission on the wholesale price to its agents. This agent’s responsibility is to increase Nundies’s distribution coverage amoung specialty stores for Nundies as well as women’s boutique stores. According to the marketing research of Nundies, 30.9 percent, which is the largest percentage in women’s underwear sales goes to women’s boutique and specialty shops. Department stores rank the second with the number of 30.7% and followed by 29.1% from mass merchandise and warehouse club stores. Internet retailers and other retail outlets account for the smallest percentage which is 9.1%. Based on the survey research from 1042 women aged 18-49 years old, 84% of women have interest in eliminating panty lines products. Among them, 58% women tried to eliminate panty lines by wearing no-seam panties. Only 22% women wear no  panties at all as a solution for eliminating the panty lines. This means the majority customers prefer to wear something than nothing. 81% of women are interested in not underwear product that has the function to provide comfort and hygiene benefits. 35% of women would wear this kind of product 3-5 times per week which ranked the highest followed by the group of people who prefer only to wear 1-2 times per week with the percentage of 29%. Among the people who would wear 3-5 times per week, age 30-35 ranked the highest which account for 39.8% while 41.7% of people age 18-24 show that they would use this kind of product only 1-2 times per week. About the distribution channels, 64% respondent said that they prefer to purchase no panty line product from mass-merchandise stores such as Target and Walmart, followed by midlevel department stores 49% and online purchase 41%. Women’s boutique ranked the last, only 28% customers would shop this product in there. However, 53.1% of customers would seek out this product online/internet if they knew it was for sale which ranked the highest among other channels. Therefore, online selling have bigger potential and should not be neglected. In order to emphasize the product’s display concept as well as investigate user impressions, another focus group research was conducted. Participants are women who have over $25000 annual household incomes and aged 21-60. Nundies’s display and packaging are favored by these participants. The locations they expect are â€Å"cotemporary concepts† location in shops as well as lingerie stores. Participants express the idea that demonstration is helpful to attract customers. Therefore knowledgeable sales persons are necessary to increase product sales. The products are expected to be found and purchased in department stores by all participants. Although online purchasing is seen as positive, it is infrequently for reorders. These research studies have revealed that Nundies have a good market potential because large amount of women are interested in this kind of no panty-line and convenient product. Nundies meet their expectations by offering protections while allowing them to be free at the same time. So Nundies is a single-use, disposable panty that sticks to the inseam of women’s leggings, athletic wear, shorts and jeans. When women decide they don’t want to wear underwear, Nundies helps provide a protection as well as being convenient at the same time. The target market for Nundies was 36.7 million aged 15-60 women who has a household incomes over $25000 annually. And the selling price was set to $15 which was considered to be high by participants. Although it was not a main problem for the target market, participants still found 10 liners in a $15 package would be more reasonable. However, Nundies set its price to $15 was based on competition from alternatives, manufacturing cost, retail margins and profit goals of the company. Moreover, Nundies were more popular among higher end specialty stores and upscale department shops. Customers in these higher end channels show better interest in Nundies. There for Nundies keep this selling price to gain higher margin. Nundies’s launch has limited media advertising support and no consumer-oriented advertising was involved in the promotion. Nundies was introduced by print advertisement through retail trade magazines. Also, these retail trade buyer magazines such as Southern Vanity, Women’s Wear Daily and Fashion put complimentary feature articles to help Nundies gain awareness. Additionally, for major celebrity events like Grammys, and 2007 academy awards, Nundies promoted its product by placing its sample package in the gift bags to give away to celebrities. It also took the advantage of New York and Las Vegas’s Lingerie Trad Show to exhibit its products. This brought Nundies great opportunity as these showrooms were visited by buyers for women’s boutique and specialty stores, they decided which accessory lines to carry. 3. Looking again at Nundies target market, value proposition, and each marketing mix element, how has each contributed to Nundies performance to date? By the end of 2007, there were 232 women’s boutique and specialty stores selling Nundies as well as 10 upscale department stores across 40 states. Nundies had shipped 11383 units of products to these channels, among them, 1777 units were accounted for reorders from 15 stores. 285 units were distributed for online purchase. To see from exhibit 6, it is clearly to see Nundies had the highest sales record with 4506 units ordered in the second  quarter which includes April, May and June. The third quarter July, August and September ranked the second with 3552 units ordered. This record may because of the warmer weather. Women tend to wear dresses, shorts and skirts in summer season so they would choose light product that do not show any panty lines and provide them protection at the same time. Nundies’ orders declined dramatically after summer season with only 1656 units ordered in October November and December. The poor sales performance may because of the following reas ons. First, Nundies’s target market is represented by15-60 year old women which accounts for 23% of total population. It is important to notice that the concentrate of this population is among the age 25 to 52 which accounts for 80.83% of this population. So Nundies should especially emphasize on this target group to be more efficient. Secondly, Nundies currently offers only 5 panties per package. Nundies have the opportunity to increase the panties amount in single unit. Because with the current selling price to customer set to $15 per unit, customer found that it would be more attractive if this price is for 10 per package. Thirdly, with the distribution channel Nundies currently place its product, it is missing out the mass-merchandise stores such as Target and Walmart and midlevel department stores like JCPenney. Although women’s underwear are mainly sold through women’s boutique and specialty shops, it is not the best option for Nundies. From the survey result, the majority of participants (64%) expect to purchase Nundies in mass-merchandise stores. The second channel customers expect was midlevel department stores, 49%. However, Nundies’s products were mainly distributed to women’s boutique and specialty stores as well as upscale department stores and online which less customers would expect to purchase from. Nundies is missing out 59.8% of two large markets that would attract the most potential customers. Fourthly, Nundies launch has limited media advertising support and it lacks of consumer-oriented media advertising. Many people don’t know this product exist or have no idea what is used for. So in order to increase sales,  Nundies’s primary task is to increase brand awareness by raising media advertisements via commercial or print media. Other factors that affect Nundies performance include the impact of sales personnel. Sales staffs are unclear about how to merchandise Nundies. They think Nundies would sell itself by displaying it in stores. However, many Nundies displays seem to merge in with the rest of other merchandise items. Moreover, many customers feel embarrassing to show interest in Nundies apart from those customers who are already panty free. Therefore an informative brochure or advertisement is needed for departments and retail stores so sales personnel could mention and suggest Nundies to customers clearly. In addition, Nundies display should be suggested and checked by Nundies agents to ensure Nundies occupies a favorable position and does not get lost with other items. 4. Mr Mortensen asked his team to revisit the market and sales potential for Nundies. How large is the market for a product like Nundies and Nundies sales given its current marketing program? 36.7 million of women aged 15-60 is seen as Nundies target market. Among them, Nundies’s focus is largely emphasized on 25-54 year old customers with the targeted segment to be 29669 which account for 80% of the total target market. Most of them have annual income over $25000. According to the survey, more than 36% of women are interested in Nundies product’s idea (plus 41% maybe). They accounted for 13.2 million (plus 15 million) of the target market. 28% of women said they would seek this product in stores (plus 49% maybe) and they accounted for 3.7 million (plus 6.5 million) of the market. About 1.07 million target customers would use Nundies 1-2 times a week, 1.3 million would use 3-5 times a week and only 0.7 million would use it 6 or more a week. Users for special occasions purpose ranked the last with only 0.63 million. As a result, Nundies’s total yearly usage reached 365million or 73 million units. 5. What are the pros and cons of the proposals identified for Nundies Proposal one: Continue development of the women’s boutique and specialty store channel. Based on the performance in 2007, sales revenue was $34150, variable cost was $13887, and therefore margin was $20263. Net income equals margin minus fixed expenses which was $14400. So Advanced Materials’s net income achieved $5863 in 2007. As a result if AMI continues its development in women’s boutique and specialty channels, it will result in profit and would possibly be enough for the firm to cover all the fixed expenses. Another scenario for the company is break even. The sales of Nundies have to achieve at least 1618 packages or 8090 units with the total sales revenue of $24283. Pros for this proposal includes it only cost $14400. It is inexpensive and saves costs. Also it allows AMI to gain more profit on the basis of last year’s performance. Considering the worst case, AMI could still achieve break-even if it sells 8090 packages. This is not a big task so AMI should have no pressure to achieve this goal. Another advantage is that the exhibition and display in these channels would help increase the sales opportunity because Nundies maintain its awareness to customers. This also increases the brand recognition. Cons for this proposal includes as AMI’s agent’s ability and responsibility only restrict to find stores that are willing to sell Nundies and collect orders. They are not responsible for any process involved in merchandising Nundies at stores. So many variable factors in retail stores have the potential to affect Nundies sales. Proposal two: Pursue the upscale department store channel.   There are two types of buying practice in upscale department which are centralized buying and decentralized buying. In centralized buying, retail sales consultant contact the department store account directly and provide the account information about target market, market size and sales displays. There are 300 stores in the chain of top five upscale centralized buying department stores and 350 in the chain of top five upscale decentralized buying department stores. The commission for AMI’s agents on wholesale price would be 12%. The cost is much higher compared to women’s boutique and  specialty store channel which cost $20000 to $30000 for the sale presentations and retail consultant fees. Other costs such as warehouse, catalogue and pay line cost around $35000 to $55000. Based on 2007’s performance, 242 department stores sold 11383 units. Therefore for the 300 centralized buying department stores, an estimated number of 2800 packages can be sold, while for the 350 decentralized buying department stores, an estimated number of 16500 units can be sold. Pros for this proposal are with the number of department stores, Nundies could be more exposed to the target market. Ads and displays would be presented to customers more clearly. Cons includes this channel requires higher costs so the cost of goods sold per unit increased as well. Lower profit is another disadvantage for this channel. Proposal three: pursue midlevel department store accounts. Midlevel department store accounts include stores such as JCPenney with 1000 stores and Kohl’s with approximately 930 stores and they all use centralized buying strategy. Midlevel department stores are treated as house accounts as well and retail sales consultants are involved. This proposal requires Nundies with different package materials and graphics. Also 2 extra liners are included in every package with the selling price to be $8-$10. However the percentage for retail margin remains unchanged as for current department store accounts. Pros are the market size is huge. There are over 1793 stores with centralized buying which is a big market for Nundies. Also the cost of goods sold is lower per unit. Cons includes this proposal requires to change brand name and packaging. Nundies’s awareness and recognition among customers was a problem all the time. If it changes brand name and packaging, it would confuse customers. In addition, this proposal requires a increase in the amount of panties but the MSRP do not increase enough. Also the expense is between $25000 to $35000  which is relatively high, means the profit margin is lower. Another con is increase in fees. Nundies need to pay a estimated cost of $35000 to $55000 for department store chains. Proposal four: a combination of channels Pro for this channel is that products can be produced and delivered documented and in the right quantity. The combination of channel consist both 300 upscale centralized stores and 1793 midscale centralized stores which means this helps increase advertising and the distribution expansion would reach more customers. Cons: However the higher fees and costs are the major problem. It would cost AMI vast amount of money. Proposal five: fashion magazine advertising Pros: The extent of audience for fashion magazine is very wide. 56% of 13 year old above women prefer to purchase product that is recommended by fashion magazines. And the target market for fashion magazines are the same target market for Nundies. So Nundies could take this opportunity to promote its product more efficiently. Cons: The cost is too high to place advertisement on fashion magazines. It costs $115000 and $200000 for Cosmo Girl and Cosmopolitan respectively. So Nundies margin would be very low. Proposal six: metropolitan-area advertising Pros: the cost is lower than advertising on magazine. The advertising period is longer. It targets people at large which would attract more potential buyers instead of end users. Also the advertisement is near stores where Nundies are available. It could boost sales in those areas. Cons: it does not focus on its target customers would possibly lead to advertising inefficiency. Also less people seek fashion inspiration from newspapers so newspaper may not be a good media for Nundies. Proposal seven: search engine marketing Pros: when people search relative word to intimate apparel, Nundies will show with a link to its website. This brings Nundies more opportunities as people all around the world would get to know Nundies instead of only where Nundies sells. Cons: reorder rate is less online. And the cost per month is too high. With the selling price and cost of goods sold of Nundies, if the market demand is low, the margin will be lower. 6. What are the likely sales and profit impact of these proposals? For women’s boutique and specialty stores, cost of goods sold per unit is $3.45, with wholesale price of $7. The continual sales cost is $14400 plus 12% commission. And for the worst scenario, the break-even point is 5313 packages which are 26565 liners produced. Therefore the profit at full capacity equals $39800. The second is upscale department stores, cost of goods sold and wholesale price remains the same as boutique costs which are $3.45 and $7 respectively. Upscale department stores have additional upfront costs which are $195000- $305000. It does not include continual sales cost. For the break-even case, 70422 packages or 352110 liners are produced. Therefore the profit is negative, $179000. Third is midscale department store. The cost of goods sold is lower, $3.26 with lower wholesales price which is $4.65. The upfront costs are $225000-$340000 and no continual sales cost as well. The break-even scenario requires 205036 packages or 1435252 liners to produce. As a result, the profit comes to negative $265143. 7. What is you recommended course of action? Why? As a conclusion to the above analysis, boutique stores are the most profitable distribution channels for AMI. Because the entry cost into this channel is the cheapest. The margins are higher than other proposals. Also, production limits are more compatible in this channel. Furthermore, it is the only feasible proposal that do not require huge expansion. As 13 times the packages sales are required to break-even for upscale department stores  and 54 times the Nundies sales are required to break- even for midrange department stores. With limited capital amount, these two proposal seem to be less feasible. For the success of Nundies, AMI could give away free samples to fashion bloggers or youtubers and let them promote the product instead. This would increase the brand recognition and awareness of Nundies, as well as gain a word of mouth through these bloggers. Also, another cheaper way to promote Nundies is utilize Youtube to introduce instructions for use. Let audience know what is it and how to use it instead of just displaying in the store. As for stores, sales tips should be provide to retailers. And the display should avoid merging in with other merchandise products and become more attention getting. Train sales personnel to be informative and to be more proactive to suggesting and demonstrating Nundies to customers. Pamphlets and samples should be offered as well. Nundies can also be advertised using kiosks. As for reorders, AMI could offer discount to encourage repurchase. Reference 1. Kerin, R.A., and Peterson, R.A. (2013). â€Å"Nundies case study†, Strategic Marketing Problems Cases and Comments International Edition, 2013 Pearson. ISBN13 9780273768944